What does a speech therapist do?

A speech therapist works on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of speech, language, and communication disorders. They help children and adults overcome difficulties with articulation, speech comprehension, reading, and writing. They may also provide therapy for language delays, stuttering, cluttering, or voice disorders. The goal of a speech therapist is to improve the patient’s communication skills and, in turn, their quality of life.

Correct swallowing and speech patterns are essential for the healthy development of the oral cavity. Tongue thrust swallowing can negatively affect not only dental and jaw alignment but also speech production and breathing. This condition can be present in both children and adults, and when identified early, it can be successfully managed with appropriate therapy.

In the following sections, we will explore what tongue thrust swallowing is, its common signs, and the potential consequences if left untreated.

What is Tongue Thrust Swallowing?

Tongue thrust swallowing occurs when the tongue pushes against the teeth, lips, or rests in an incorrect position when at rest.

When Should We Be Concerned? Common Signs & Symptoms

• Open-mouth posture, often due to mouth breathing instead of proper nasal breathing.
• The tongue pushes saliva outward while swallowing, sometimes remaining on the roof of the mouth, leading to redness, inflammation, or swelling of the lower lip.
• Chapped lips associated with mouth breathing.
• The tip of the tongue slips between the front or side teeth while speaking, eating, or at rest.
• Dental misalignment and speech distortions.
• Difficulty achieving successful orthodontic treatment, which may take years.
• Issues with biting, feeding difficulties (e.g., trouble swallowing medicine).
• Jaw joint problems, such as grinding or clenching.

Possible Causes of Tongue Thrust Swallowing

• Muscle imbalance caused by external factors.
• Sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, and weak muscles.
• Lack of breastfeeding in infancy.
• Prolonged habits such as finger-sucking, bottle-feeding, or other oral habits.
• Enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsils.
• Overdeveloped tongue depressors.
• Naturally large tongue size.

Potential Effects of Tongue Thrust Swallowing

• Abnormal development of the dental arch and facial structure.
• Various bite disorders.
• Dental misalignment.
• Speech difficulties and sound distortions.

How Is the Test Performed?

During the first appointment, a health assessment is conducted. This includes:

• Reviewing medical history
• Evaluating tongue thrust swallowing patterns
• Conducting typing if necessary
• Examining the speech organs and monitoring speech

All results are shared with the speech and language therapist for further evaluation.

How Does Tongue Thrust Therapy Work?

After an initial assessment, therapy sessions take place in-office for approximately 45 minutes, once a week, by appointment. The therapy is customized to the patient’s needs and progresses step by step. Collaboration with an orthodontist ensures the best possible outcome for orthodontic treatment.